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第81回実験実習支援センターセミナー


アルツハイマー病および外傷性脳損傷の治療標的としての
ガンマセクレターゼ
- Gamma-secretase, a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury -

演 者

松岡 康治(Yasuji Matsuoka, Ph.D.)
  グラクソスミスクライン・シンガポール研究所マネージャー
  (Manager, Neural Pathway Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Singapore)
  ジョージタウン大学メディカルセンター神経内科学特任准教授
  (Adjunct Associate Professor of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center)

日 時

平成23年3月15日(火)16:00 〜

場 所

基礎研究棟2階 教職員ロビー

講演要旨

  Gamma-secretase is a key enzyme in generation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and accumulation of Aβ is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, inhibition of γ-secretase is a potential therapeutic target. Gamma-secretase has many (>40) substrates in addition to Aβ precursor protein. Since some substrates, such as Notch, is a critical in physiological system, presumably, substrate selectivity is critical to gain desired safety profile. First generation γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) have only limited (if there is any) substrate selectivity, and also induced paradoxical increase of Aβ after transient reduction (Aβ-rebound) in pre-clinical species and human. We investigated mechanism of Aβ-rebound using GSI and γ -secretase modulators (GSMs) which shift cleavage site and maintain cleavage of substrates. We found that an accumulation of γ-secretase substrates is one of causes of GSI-mediated Aβ-rebound. In combination of substrate selectivity, GSMs may be more useful Aβ-lowering approach for treatment AD.
  Acute and transient increase of Aβ is seen after traumatic brain injury in pre-clinical species and human. We hypothesized overproduction of Aβ is one of causes of neurodegeneration and tested impact of Aβ-lowering approach using GSI. Treatment with a GSI significantly reduced neurodegeneration and improved dysfunction. GSI and other Aβ-lowering agents may be useful for treatment of traumatic brain injury.

参考文献
Loane, D.J., Pocivavsek, A., Moussa, C. E-H., Thompson, R., Matsuoka, Y., Faden, A.I., Rebeck, G.W., Burns, M.P. (2009) APP secretases as therapeutic targets for traumatic brain injury. Nature Medicine, 15: 377-379.

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